{"id":22907,"date":"2026-01-19T08:37:25","date_gmt":"2026-01-19T08:37:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.oxypharm.net\/?p=22907"},"modified":"2026-01-19T08:38:05","modified_gmt":"2026-01-19T08:38:05","slug":"bedbugs-steam-treatment-sanivap-oxypharm","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.oxypharm.net\/en\/bedbugs-steam-treatment-sanivap-oxypharm\/","title":{"rendered":"Bed Bugs : The steam solution that eliminates them for good"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row][vc_column][vc_single_image image=”22908″ img_size=”full” css=”” el_class=”full-width”][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

Bedbugs, the return of a scourge<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Long considered eradicated in developed countries, bedbugs (Cimex lectularius) have been increasingly causing problems since the 1990s in both private and public environments. This phenomenon, confirmed by ANSES, the French food and health agency, can be explained by a number of factors, including the rise of more nomadic lifestyles, the widespread use of second-hand goods and the emergence of growing resistance to conventional insecticides.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The presence of bedbugs can have major repercussions for public health. In addition to the physical problems (pruritus, night-time bites, etc.), infestations can lead to sleep disturbances and a deterioration in overall well-being.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Faced with these challenges, heat treatments, including the use of steam, are now recommended as a first-line treatment by the health authorities (ANSES 2023).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Some clarification is however needed. In the literature, there are often references to temperature without precise measurements. The most recent scientific data indicates that a temperature of around 50\u00b0C is lethal for bedbugs at all stages of development.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

In this context, professional solutions such as Sanivap steam generators, which deliver a constant temperature of 97\u00b0C at the accessory outlet, offer a scientifically proven and operationally reliable method for bedbug eradication, even in the most complex areas.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

Understanding the biology and lethal thermal thresholds of bedbugs<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Bedbugs are nocturnal, photophobic haematophagous insects whose way of life is closely linked to the presence of humans. They gather in discreet groupings during the day, in dark, narrow hiding places in the immediate vicinity of their host\u2019s bed (mattress seams, cracks, skirting boards, electrical sockets, etc.).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Feeding, also known as a \u201cblood meal,\u201d lasts about ten minutes, but insects can survive from two to five months without feeding, with a total life expectancy of about a year. Reproduction is rapid; a fertilised female lays an average of five eggs a day. The eggs hatch in 7-15 days, and the larvae go through five development stages, requiring a blood meal at each moult before reaching the adult stage.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

THERMAL SENSITIVITY THRESHOLDS : CONCLUSIONS FROM SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH AND ANSES<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Numerous studies have been carried out to determine lethal temperatures for bedbugs, depending on their stage of development:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u2022 Benoit et al. (2009) : exposure to 48\u00b0C for one hour kills almost all bedbugs.
\n\u2022 Pereira et al. (2009) : 100% mortality after 120 minutes at 41\u00b0C, 25 minutes at 42\u00b0C, or 1 minute at 49\u00b0C.
\n\u2022 How & Lee (2010) : lethal temperature varies according to stage, ranging from 39\u00b0C for eggs to 46\u00b0C for adults.
\n\u2022 Kells and Goblirsch (2011), Loudon (2017): rapid mortality from 45\u00b0C, with complete lethality in less than one minute at 50\u00b0C.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

These results are confirmed by the ANSES report (2023), which concludes as follows:<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cExposure for several hours to temperatures around 40\u00b0C or for a few minutes to temperatures above 46\u00b0C results in insect death.\u201d
\nThese data provide a sound scientific basis for evaluating heat treatments to combat bedbugs.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

Review of the scientific literature on the effectiveness of steam against bedbugs<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]High-temperature steam is now recognised as a leading solution in the fight against bedbugs, provided that certain technical conditions are met, including the temperature reached at the point of contact and the duration of exposure. The ANSES collective expertise report, published in May 2023, consolidates the main scientific studies on the subject.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row content_placement=”middle”][vc_column width=”2\/3″][vc_column_text css=””]The study by Puckett, McDonald and Gold (2013) evaluated a steam device in an experimental setting simulating a bed, with application times of between 10 and 30 seconds. Results showed:<\/p>\n

\u2022 100% egg mortality.
\n\u2022 88 to 94% mortality of larvae and adults.
\n\u2022 Conclusion: high efficacy on eggs and slightly less on more advanced stages.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/3″][vc_single_image image=”20060″ css=””][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=””]Wang et al. (2018) compared three models of steam generators (consumer and professional), with outlet temperatures measured between 71.9\u00b0C and 82.7\u00b0C and exposure times of 1 to 8 seconds. They observed:<\/p>\n

\u2022 100% mortality for all stages on mattresses and in cracks.
\n\u2022 89% under fabrics.
\n\u2022 No efficacy under leather, highlighting the impact of the treated surface.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

This study is considered of good quality by ANSES, due to the diversity of situations tested, the rigour of the measurements and the statistical analysis of the results.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

ANSES SUMMARY ON STEAM : AN EFFECTIVE BUT DEMANDING METHOD<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]In its 2023 report, ANSES confirmed the effectiveness of steam treatment in the fight against bedbugs. Classified as a highly effective method, this approach has a low level of uncertainty, provided the technical conditions are met.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

However, the agency stresses that this method remains moderately applicable, particularly due to the difficulty of reaching all bedbug locations, especially narrow or protected areas that are often inaccessible.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

In terms of public risk, steam treatment poses no risk to human health. Its environmental impact is considered moderate, mainly because of the potential to alter certain sensitive materials if used inappropriately.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

In conclusion, the higher the temperature at the point of contact, the shorter and more effective the exposure. This is why steam is now a cornerstone of integrated pest control strategies, particularly in sensitive collective environments, where safety, hygiene and effectiveness must work simultaneously together.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

Sanivap : a benchmark solution against bedbugs<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Designed for intensive professional use, Sanivap steam generators offer a high-performance, scientifically validated pest control solution, capable of eliminating bedbugs at all stages of their development, whether eggs, larvae or adults.[\/vc_column_text][vc_row_inner content_placement=”middle”][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

HIGH-TEMPERATURE STEAM AT CONSTANT PRESSURE<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Thanks to steam delivered at a high temperature (constantly above 95\u00b0C at the accessory outlet) and under pressure (above 4 bar), Sanivap guarantees optimum effectiveness at the point of contact, including in hard-to-reach areas such as seams, skirting boards or cracks.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

The device also offers extensive autonomy (8 to 10 hours), enabling several rooms to be treated without interruption \u2013 a major advantage in large-scale pest control operations.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column_inner][vc_column_inner width=”1\/2″][vc_single_image image=”1896″ img_size=”full” css=””][\/vc_column_inner][\/vc_row_inner][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

EFFECTIVENESS PROVEN TO EXACTING STANDARDS<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Sanivap technology has been assessed by leading laboratories, including BIOTECH GERMANDE and FONDEREPHAR (ACM Pharma).<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

According to the AFNOR standard NF T72-110, Sanivap technology is suitable for targeted bedbug eradication protocols. It meets the standards of effectiveness required in the most sensitive professional environments.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

AN ECO-FRIENDLY, SAFE AND EASY-TO-USE SOLUTION<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Sanivap\u2019s controlled temperature prevents any damage to sensitive materials (textiles, wood, heat-sensitive surfaces). The appliance uses no chemicals, leaves no residue and does not generate excessive humidity. It can therefore be used in total safety in homes, residential establishments, schools and public areas.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Equipped with a wide range of ergonomic accessories, Sanivap makes it possible to adapt the treatment to any configuration, such as flat surfaces, furnishings, floors, and nooks and crannies.<\/p>\n

Sanivap guarantees a lethal temperature at the point of contact, ensuring effective destruction of eggs, larvae and adult insects, without damaging the treated surfaces.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

Effective bedbug eradication while protecting health and the environment<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row content_placement=”middle”][vc_column width=”1\/4″][vc_single_image image=”22925″ img_size=”full” css=””][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”3\/4″][vc_column_text css=””]By opting for Sanivap technology, professionals have access to a proven solution for treating bedbug infestations while respecting human health and environmental constraints. As part of an overall pest control approach, it can be used on its own or in conjunction with other mechanical (vacuuming, washing) or chemical methods if required.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Safe for both users and operators, Sanivap is perfectly suited to sensitive environments such as nursing homes, schools, hotels, social housing and hospitals.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=””]Entirely designed and manufactured in France by Oxy\u2019Pharm, Sanivap technology embodies a high-performance, safe and sustainable solution as part of an intelligent, responsible and scientifically-backed fight against bedbugs.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

Interview with Claudio Lazzari, entomologist and expert on the ANSES 2023 report on bedbugs<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]Claudio Lazzari, an entomologist and expert involved in the ANSES 2023 collective expertise report on bedbugs, explains that bedbugs are a serious problem throughout the world. They create a delicate problem that can affect anywhere there are gatherings of people, major events, or people moving from place to place.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]He insists that bedbugs make no social distinctions. Whether you live in student accommodation or a luxury ch\u00e2teau, they settle where they find two things: dark places to hide and blood nearby. Whether mattress seams, carpet edges or electrical sockets, they find refuge in the smallest nooks and crannies, preferably near beds. What\u2019s more, unlike lice, we don\u2019t carry them with us. They are only active at night and move very little on their own. Instead, they travel easily with us, slipped into bags or suitcases between our clothes.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

When a mosquito bites you, a raised spot appears just a few minutes later, so you can often identify the mosquito involved. What makes bedbug bites special is that the effects don\u2019t appear for 24-48 hours, which makes it difficult to identify the location of the infestation, especially for people who are very mobile. You can carry bedbugs in your luggage if you spend the night in a five-star hotel, a youth hostel or a refuge on the El Camino hike.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

To complicate matters further, these insects are tiny and can even be translucent in their early stages of development. As a result, infestations are often not spotted until they are well established.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

In dealing with this situation, chemical treatments have provided limited results. The massive use of pesticides has led to the emergence of forms of resistance in bedbugs, which then makes treatments less effective. This is one of the reasons why the ANSES 2023 report focuses on alternatives to insecticides, particularly thermal ones such as steam.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Heat is a recognised mode of action. A temperature of 46 to 49\u00b0C reached by the insect\u2019s body leads to its death. Temperatures of 42-43\u00b0C already cause a loss of coordination.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

According to the expert, it is essential to understand that the temperature of the jet of air or steam does not correspond to the temperature reached by the body of the bedbug. Heat transfer depends on several parameters, such as distance, exposure time and ambient humidity. Different application conditions therefore need to be controlled to ensure that the insect\u2019s body reaches a lethal temperature. Thermal treatments such as steam will only kill insects actually affected by the heat. If bedbugs remain sheltered under thick fabrics or in inaccessible areas, they can survive.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Claudio Lazzari states that steam has the advantage of having less impact on the environment and human health. However, ANSES has said that this solutions is moderately applicable. The entomologist stresses that to be effective, this type of heat treatment must be carried out by trained professionals who are able to identify likely hiding places, as bedbugs are only active at night and remain well hidden, away from light, the rest of the time.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

For light or moderate infestations, a well-managed heat treatment may be sufficient. For more serious infestations, a combination of methods is essential. The aim is therefore not to eliminate the use of chemical products, but to limit their use as much as possible as part of an integrated pest management approach in which steam plays a major role.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text css=””]<\/p>\n

Interview with Mathieu Agnet, Scientific Director of Oxy\u2019Pharm<\/h4>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/4″][vc_single_image image=”25223″ img_size=”Full” css=””][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”3\/4″][vc_column_text css=””]Mathieu Agnet, Scientific Director of Oxy\u2019Pharm, talks about the specific technical features that make Sanivap technology stand out in the fight against bedbugs, along with the fundamental physical principles that must be understood to assess the effectiveness of a steam device.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

He begins by clarifying an essential point: Performance is not determined by the temperature displayed by the unit, but rather by the temperature reached at the accessory outlet, which dictates the contact temperature with the bedbugs.<\/p>\n

[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text css=””]The lethal temperature for the various developmental stages of this insect is around 50\u00b0C. It is therefore necessary to guarantee at least this threshold at the point of impact, while taking care not to exceed the thermal tolerances of the materials treated.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

It is also important to realise that hot air has a much lower thermal inertia level than steam and does not penetrate as well. It will therefore be less effective. This is why superheated steam at atmospheric pressure (\u2248100\u00b0C), thanks to its exceptional heat transfer capacity, is the best option.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Sanivap guarantees this level of performance thanks to the high standards of its technology. Sanivap machines have a boiler that rises to 155\u00b0C at a pressure of 5.5 bar, providing a particularly stable supply of superheated steam.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

And Sanivap\u2019s technical expertise doesn\u2019t stop there: \u201cWe worked extensively on the sheathing and accessories to minimise heat loss at the boiler outlet. The result is a constant temperature of 97\u00b0C at the accessory outlet, close to the maximum permitted by the laws of physics at atmospheric pressure<\/em>,\u201d says Mathieu Agnet. This means that Sanivap technology can provide a lethal contact temperature for all stages of bedbug development.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Another crucial issue is access to the bedbugs\u2019 typical hiding places, such as seams, skirting boards and cracks. This is where infestations persist if treatment is poorly targeted. To meet this challenge, Sanivap combines a number of advantages, including constant pressure, real-time thermal control, and ergonomic accessories designed to reach the smallest nooks and crannies. Together, they provide sufficient thermal inertia to spread the heat where it is really needed \u2013 into even the smallest cracks where bedbugs are lodged.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

It is also vital not to work with too much heat. Dry, overheated air can have a \u201cthermal stripping<\/em>\u201d effect that will damage surfaces. Steam, when produces at a speed of 10 cm\/s, has been proven effective on all types of surfaces.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

To prove this effectiveness, Oxy\u2019Pharm used laboratory tests, in particular with the Centre Diagnostic Insecte in the Bouches-du-Rh\u00f4ne d\u00e9partement, as well as feedback from the field in a variety of contexts (social housing, socio-medical establishments, hotels, etc.) with several years\u2019 experience of use.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Lastly, Mathieu Agnet points out that high-temperature steam has the advantage of being active on all stages of bedbugs, from eggs to adults, and of being completely neutral in toxicological and environmental terms. It is therefore one of the most advantageous tools in an integrated pest management strategy.<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201cWhenever possible, steam is the eradication method that should be used as a first (and if possible last) line of defence. In certain complex cases when steam is not enough, we can combine the effect of steam with airborne insect eradication and an insecticide from the Nocotech range.\u201d<\/em>[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/div>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

With bedbugs making a strong comeback worldwide, high-temperature steam is now a key solution. <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":22908,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[55],"tags":[218,119,235,90,87,278,227],"class_list":["post-22907","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-articles-en","tag-desinfection-en-2","tag-environmentally-friendly","tag-nf-t-72-110-desinfection-vapeur-en","tag-nocospray-en","tag-nocotech-en","tag-punaise-de-lit","tag-sanivap-en"],"acf":[],"yoast_head":"\nBed Bugs : The steam solution that eliminates them for good - Oxy'Pharm<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Oxy\u2019Pharm\u2019s Sanivap steam technology eliminates bedbugs at all stages (eggs, larvae, adults) without chemicals. 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